Diagnosis Guide

Getting an Autism Diagnosis in Ontario

Autism diagnosis in Ontario requires assessment by a registered psychologist, psychological associate, or qualified physician. Public wait times are 12-24 months; private assessments cost $2,500-$4,000 but are immediate. Diagnosis is essential for accessing Ontario Autism Program funding. Early diagnosis enables earlier intervention during the critical developmental window.

$2,500-$4,000

Private assessment cost

12-24 months

Public wait time

4-8 hours

Total assessment time

Who Can Diagnose Autism in Ontario?

Qualified Diagnosticians

  • Registered Psychologists

    Most common route. Can provide comprehensive assessments with standardized tools (ADOS-2, ADI-R).

  • Psychological Associates

    Supervised by psychologists. Can diagnose with appropriate training and oversight.

  • Developmental Pediatricians

    Medical specialists with extensive autism training. Long wait times for public appointments.

  • Child Psychiatrists

    Can diagnose autism, especially when co-occurring mental health conditions exist.

  • Pediatricians (with training)

    Some pediatricians have specialized autism assessment training and can diagnose.

Cannot Formally Diagnose

  • Family Doctors/GPs

    Can screen and refer, but cannot provide formal diagnosis for OAP eligibility.

  • Speech-Language Pathologists

    Can identify communication concerns and recommend assessment, but cannot diagnose.

  • Occupational Therapists

    Can assess sensory/motor issues and recommend further evaluation.

  • Teachers/School Staff

    Can document observations and recommend assessment, but school identification is not diagnosis.

  • Social Workers

    Can provide support and referrals, but cannot provide clinical diagnosis.

Finding a Diagnostician

College of Psychologists of Ontario

cpo.on.ca - Find registered psychologists

Ask Your Pediatrician

For referrals to developmental specialists

Autism Ontario

autismontario.com - Local chapter resources

What Happens During an Autism Assessment?

Comprehensive Assessment Components

1

Developmental History Interview (60-90 minutes)

Detailed interview with parents/caregivers about developmental milestones, early behaviors, social development, communication history, sensory sensitivities, and family history.

Parent involvement required
2

ADOS-2 Assessment (45-60 minutes)

Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule - standardized observation using structured and semi-structured activities. Evaluates communication, social interaction, play, and restricted/repetitive behaviors.

Gold standard tool
3

Cognitive Assessment (60-90 minutes)

IQ/developmental testing to understand cognitive profile. Common tools: WISC-V, Stanford-Binet, Mullen Scales. Helps identify strengths and areas of challenge.

May be optional for some assessments
4

Adaptive Behavior Assessment (30-45 minutes)

Questionnaires and interviews about daily living skills, communication, socialization. Common tools: Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales, ABAS-3.

Parent/caregiver questionnaire
5

Additional Assessments (Variable)

May include: speech-language screening, sensory profile, behavioral questionnaires, school observation, medical review if needed.

As needed
6

Feedback Session & Report (60-90 minutes)

Detailed discussion of findings, diagnosis (if appropriate), recommendations for intervention, school accommodations, and next steps. Written report provided (usually within 2-4 weeks).

Essential for OAP registration

Prepare for the Assessment

  • Bring developmental records (baby book, milestones)
  • Collect school reports and report cards
  • Request teacher observations in writing
  • Video record concerning behaviors at home
  • List your specific concerns and questions
  • Ensure child is well-rested for testing days

What to Expect

  • Multiple appointments over 2-4 weeks typical
  • Child-friendly testing environment
  • Breaks provided as needed
  • Parents may observe some testing
  • Comprehensive written report (20-40 pages)
  • Specific recommendations for intervention

Public vs Private Diagnosis: Which Should I Choose?

Public Assessment

Cost
Free (OHIP covered)
Wait Time
12-24 months
Comprehensiveness
Full multidisciplinary

Advantages

  • • No cost to family
  • • Often multidisciplinary (psychology, SLP, OT)
  • • Hospital-based support available
  • • Accepted everywhere for OAP

Disadvantages

  • • Long wait times (12-24+ months)
  • • Less flexibility in scheduling
  • • May miss early intervention window
  • • Limited choice of assessor

Private Assessment

Cost
$2,500-$4,000
Wait Time
1-8 weeks
Comprehensiveness
Varies by provider

Advantages

  • • Immediate or short wait (1-8 weeks)
  • • Preserves early intervention window
  • • Choose your assessor
  • • Flexible scheduling

Disadvantages

  • • Significant cost ($2,500-$4,000)
  • • Rarely covered by insurance
  • • Quality varies between providers
  • • May need additional specialists

Our Recommendation

If you can afford it, we recommend pursuing private assessment while remaining on public waitlists. The cost of private diagnosis ($2,500-$4,000) is recovered many times over by accessing OAP funding 1-2 years earlier. Early intervention during ages 2-6 has the greatest impact on outcomes.

Note: Keep your public appointment even after private diagnosis. The multidisciplinary assessment may provide additional insights and recommendations.

What Are the Wait Times by Region?

RegionPrimary CenterPublic WaitPrivate WaitPrivate Cost
TorontoHolland Bloorview, SickKids12-18 months2-6 weeks$3,000-$4,000
OttawaCHEO18-24 months4-8 weeks$2,500-$3,500
HamiltonMcMaster Children's12-18 months3-6 weeks$2,800-$3,500
LondonChildren's Hospital15-20 months4-8 weeks$2,500-$3,200
Thunder BayTBRHSC, George Jeffrey24-36 monthsLimited availability$3,000-$4,000
SudburyHealth Sciences North18-30 monthsLimited availability$3,000-$3,800
WindsorHotel-Dieu Grace12-18 months4-8 weeks$2,500-$3,200

Note: Wait times are estimates and change frequently. Contact your regional center directly for current wait times. Telehealth assessments may be available with shorter waits.

What Should I Do After Receiving a Diagnosis?

Immediate Action Steps (First Week)

1

Register with AccessOAP Immediately

Call 1-888-284-3627 to register for the Ontario Autism Program. You'll need your diagnostic report. This starts the clock on funding waitlists - every day matters.

1-888-284-3627
2

Apply for Disability Tax Credit (DTC)

Request T2201 form from CRA. Have your diagnostician complete it. If approved, you can claim back-credits and open an RDSP. Worth $15,000-$30,000+ over childhood.

Financial Support
3

Contact Your School

Request an IEP meeting immediately. Provide the diagnostic report. Ask about accommodations, EA support, and specialized programs. Schools must accommodate diagnosed students.

Educational Support
4

Join Autism Ontario

Connect with your local chapter for parent support, workshops, and resources. Free membership. Invaluable peer support and local information.

autismontario.com

Within First Month

  • Request therapist referrals from diagnostician
  • Research ABA providers in your area
  • Check extended health insurance coverage
  • Open an RDSP if DTC approved
  • Connect with local parent support groups

Ongoing Steps

  • Begin therapy if privately funded
  • Document all wait times and communications
  • Advocate with school for appropriate support
  • Update your MPP on wait list status
  • Join advocacy efforts with End the Wait

Frequently Asked Questions - Autism Diagnosis

Who can diagnose autism in Ontario?

In Ontario, autism can be diagnosed by: registered psychologists, psychological associates, physicians with autism expertise (pediatricians, developmental pediatricians, psychiatrists), and nurse practitioners working with qualified teams. The most common route is through a registered psychologist using standardized assessment tools like ADOS-2.

How much does a private autism diagnosis cost in Ontario?

Private autism assessments in Ontario cost $2,500-$4,000 depending on the complexity and professional. This includes clinical interviews, standardized testing (ADOS-2, cognitive testing), observation, and a comprehensive report. Some psychologists offer payment plans. Extended health insurance rarely covers diagnosis costs.

How long is the wait for public autism diagnosis in Ontario?

Public autism diagnosis wait times in Ontario range from 12-24 months through hospitals and developmental centers. Some regions have waits exceeding 2 years. Wait times vary by location: Toronto (12-18 months), Ottawa (18-24 months), Northern Ontario (24+ months).

What happens during an autism assessment?

A comprehensive autism assessment includes: parent/caregiver interview (developmental history), ADOS-2 standardized assessment (45-60 minutes), cognitive/IQ testing, adaptive behavior assessment, observation periods, and sometimes school observations. The process takes 4-8 hours total, often split across multiple appointments.

What should I do after receiving an autism diagnosis?

After diagnosis: 1) Register immediately with AccessOAP (1-888-284-3627) for Ontario Autism Program, 2) Apply for Disability Tax Credit, 3) Contact your school for IEP meeting, 4) Join Autism Ontario for support, 5) Request referrals to therapists while waiting for OAP. Time is critical - register for waitlists immediately.

Can family doctors diagnose autism in Ontario?

Family doctors cannot formally diagnose autism in Ontario but play a crucial role. They can: screen for developmental concerns, refer to specialists, provide referral letters for school accommodations, and coordinate care. For OAP eligibility, diagnosis must come from a psychologist, psychological associate, or physician with autism expertise.

Don't Wait to Get Help

Every month without diagnosis is a month lost from the early intervention window. Take action now and join our campaign to reduce wait times for all Ontario families.

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